摘要

摘 要

射频识别技术(FRID)是自动识别技术的一种，它通过无线射频方式进行非接触双向数据通信对目标加以识别，具有识别迅速、无磨损、不受环境影响、寿命长等优点。

论文着重阐述了RFID技术以及该技术在本系统中的具体应用。比较了射频识别技术和其他自动识别技术的优缺点．在研究考勤管理系统业务流程的基上，对系统的硬件体系结构进行了设计，对相关RFID设备进行了选型。系统Windows XP/Windows 2000为运行平台，采用c/s架构，sqlserver2000 为后台数据库，C#为开发工具。按照软件工程的方法开发，采用UML 面向对象方法对系统进行了建模和分析，结合智能IC卡和考勤机采集原始刷卡数据，以ADO的方式连接数据库，应用Windows API函数实现串口通信，加以先进的考勤管理理论，实现了考勤管理业务流程的自动化和科学化。本系统与传统的考试管理系统相比，除了使用方便、功能完善、省时省力的特点外，还具有刷卡注册，合理分配；师生考勤、试题管理；一次排场、终身可用；结算精确、报表详细；考勤处理结果多样化；这套考试管理系统可单机或联网使用等特点。目的是为了解决大型考试的签到复杂性，合理安排考场，监考老师，试卷等问题。杜绝了考勤做假、做人情，对学校提高管理水平、节约资源、提高办事效率有显著的应用效果。 关键词：RFID：C/S；ADO；C#；考试管理系统

Abstract

Abstract

Radio frequency identification technology (RFID) is an automatic identification technology, radio frequency through non-contact way of two-way data communications to be on target recognition, with the rapid identification, no wear, no environmental effect, long life and other advantages.

Paper focuses on the RFID technology and the technology in the system application. Comparison of radio frequency identification technology and other automatic identification technology . The advantages and disadvantages in attendance management system business process on the base of system, hardware system structure design, the RFID equipment for the selection. System with Windows XP/Windows 2000as operation platform, using c/s structure, sqlserver2000 as background database, C# for development tools. According to the method of software engineering development, using UML object-oriented method has carried on the system modeling and analysis, combined with the intelligent IC card and attendance machine collection of the original card data, in the form of ADO connect to the database, using Windows API function to realize serial communication, to the advanced management theory, realize the attendance management business process automation and scientific. This system and the traditional examination management system, in addition to the use of convenient, perfect function, time-saving features, also has a credit card registration, reasonable allocation of teachers and students; attendance, test questions management; a pomp, lifelong available; settlement of accurate, detailed reporting; attendance processing results diversification; this set of examination management system can be single or use the network features. The purpose is to solve the large-scale examination in complexity, reasonable arrangement of examination papers, teachers, etc.. Put an end to the attendance to do a favor, to school, to improve the management level, to save resources, improve work efficiency has remarkable application effect.

Key words: RFID；C/S； ADO;；C#； examination management syste

目 录

摘 要 ......................................................................................................................................... I ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................................. II

1 绪论 ..................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 课题研究的背景 .......................................................................................................... 1

1.2 课题研究的意义 .......................................................................................................... 2

1.3 国内外研究发展历史、现状 ...................................................................................... 2

1.3.1 RFID技术发展历史 ............................................................................................. 2

1.4 国内外RFID技术应用现状 ....................................................................................... 3

1.4.1 RFID技术在国外应用的现状 ............................................................................. 3

1.4.2 RFID技术在中国应用的现状 ............................................................................. 3

1.5 研究工作主要内容和目标 .......................................................................................... 4

1.6 论文结构 ...................................................................................................................... 4

2 RFID技术介绍 ................................................................................................................... 5

2.1 定义及特征 .................................................................................................................. 5

2.2 RFID系统基本组成 .................................................................................................... 5

2.2.1 读写器 ................................................................................................................... 5

2.2.2 电子标签 ............................................................................................................... 7

2.3 RFID系统工作原理 .................................................................................................... 8

2.4 非接触式射频卡系统涉及的主要技术 ...................................................................... 9

2.4.1 射频通信技术 ....................................................................................................... 9

2.4.1.1 数据的调制和解调 ............................................................................................ 9

2.4.1.2 能量的传输 ........................................................................................................ 9

2.4.1.3 通信协议 .......................................................................................................... 10

2.4.2 防冲突技术 ......................................................................................................... 10

2.4.3 电磁兼容技术 ..................................................................................................... 10

2.5 RFID与其他自动识别技术 ...................................................................................... 11

2.5.1 条形码技术 ......................................................................................................... 11

2.5.2 磁卡识别技术 ..................................................................................................... 12

2.5.3 生物识别技术 ..................................................................................................... 12

2.5.4 RFID区别于其他自动识别技术的特点 ........................................................... 12

3 系统分析与建模 ............................................................................................................... 14

3.1 系统总体分析 ............................................................................................................ 14

3.1.1 系统需求分析 ..................................................................................................... 14

3.1.2 系统开发目标 ..................................................................................................... 14

3.1.3 系统功能特点 ..................................................................................................... 15

3.2 系统UHL建模 .......................................................................................................... 15

4 系统设计 ........................................................................................................................... 17

4.1 基于RFID系统硬件体系结构 ................................................................................. 17

4.1.1 硬件体系结构 ..................................................................................................... 17

4.1.2 基于Client/Server结构的系统构架 .................................................................. 17

4.2 RFID读卡器、发卡机、IC卡的选型 ..................................................................... 18

4.2.1 发卡机简介 ......................................................................................................... 18

4.2.2 TX522T读卡器 .................................................................................................. 19

4.2.3 Mifarel IC 智能卡 .............................................................................................. 21

4.3 系统开发工具 ............................................................................................................ 22

4.3.1 开发工具简介 ..................................................................................................... 22

4.3.2 ADO数据访问 ................................................................................................... 22

4.4 系统功能模块及数据流程 ........................................................................................ 23

4.4.1 系统功能模块 ..................................................................................................... 23

4.4.2 系统数据流程 ..................................................................................................... 23

4.4.3 RFID卡使用流程 ............................................................................................... 23

4.5 数据库设计 ................................................................................................................ 23

5 系统具体实现 ................................................................................................................... 25

5.1 RFID设备与计算机的通信 ...................................................................................... 25

5.1.1 通信原理 ............................................................................................................. 25

5.1.2 RS-232串口通信步骤 ........................................................................................ 26

5.1.3 RFID技术在系统中的具体应用 ....................................................................... 27

5.2 考试管理系统 ............................................................................................................ 27

5.2.1 考试管理系统 ..................................................................................................... 27

5.2.2 注册 ..................................................................................................................... 28

5.2.3 信息显示 ............................................................................................................. 35

5.2.4 刷卡记录 ............................................................................................................. 37

6 系统测试 ........................................................................................................................... 38

结论 .......................................................................................................................................... 39

致谢 .......................................................................................................................................... 40

参考文献 .................................................................................................................................. 41

附录 .......................................................................................................................................... 42