摘要

本次设计为针对某发电厂的热力系统计算与凝结水系统的设计和计算，设计的初始数据是德国BABCOCK以最大连续蒸发量为2208t/h的汽包式锅炉，及一个机组容量为660MW机组的国产亚临界、一次中间再热、凝汽式汽轮机机组采用一机一炉的单元制配置。设计的过程是通过原则性热力系统的确定及计算、燃烧系统的计算及图形的绘制，全面性热力系统的确定及计通流部分管道的设计，来实现这一设计。可行方案的选取上从实际工程项目出发，综合考虑安全可靠、经济使用，节省能源，保护环境的建设方针，同时对运行是否稳定可靠，技术是否成熟等方面进行考虑，综合比较确定。

本设计主要是对全厂的热力计算及对管道通流部分的计算及管道的选择，同时要校核相关汽水流量、进气量、发电量。根据原则性计算结果对相关热力管道进行相关基本尺寸计算，根据基本尺寸参照相关标准热力管道选型手册选择相关标准管道，并对所选管道进行相关校核计算，纠正所选管道型号，优化电厂热力系统。

最终得出电厂初步设计的相关系统确定，得出经济性较高，有建设价值的电厂建设方案。

关键词：热力系统；热经济性；凝结水系统

Abstract

The design of a power plant system calculation and design of the pipeline flow path, The design of the initial data is maximum continuous evaporation capacity for 2208 t/h boiler drum type and a unit capacity for 660 MW unit of domestic subcritical, once again among condensing heat, steam turbine units using just one furnace of the unit system configuration. The selection of options from the actual project start, Considering safe, economic use, save energy, protect the environment-building policies, while running is stable and reliable, whether the technology is mature and other aspects to consider, determine the comprehensive comparison.

The design of the whole plant is mainly thermal calculation and the calculation of the flow section of pipe and piping options, while checking the relevant soft drinks flow, gas flow, power generation. According to the results of principle related to heat pipes on the related calculation of basic dimensions, reference to the relevant standards under the basic dimensions of heat pipe select the relevant standards manual channel selection, and check the selected channel of the relevant calculation, correcting the selected channel model, optimal power plant thermal system.

Eventually come to the preliminary design of small thermal power plants to determine the relevant systems, construction of thermal power plants in this small economy higher, with construction value.

Key word: Thermal systems; hot economy; Pipeline Flow Path

目录

摘要 .................................................................................................................................................. 1

Abstract ........................................................................................................................................... 2

目录 .................................................................................................................................................. 3

前言 .................................................................................................................................................. 5

第一章 设计概述 ............................................................................................................................ 8

1.1设计依据 ............................................................................................................................ 8

1.2设计可行性 ........................................................................................................................ 8

1.3设计内容 ........................................................................................................................... 8

第二章 原则性热力计算 ................................................................................................................ 9

2.1设计相关已知参数 ........................................................................................................... 9

2.1.1汽轮机型式及参数 ............................................................................................... 9

2.1.2锅炉型式及参数 ................................................................................................. 10

2.1.3回热加热系统参数 ............................................................................................. 10

2.1.4其他数据 ............................................................................................................. 11

2.1.5简化条件 ............................................................................................................. 12

2.1.6全面原则性热力系统图 ..................................................................................... 12

2.2相关系统设备原则性热力计算部分 ............................................................................. 12

2.2.1热系统计算 ......................................................................................................... 12

2.2.2汽轮机进汽参数计算 ......................................................................................... 14

2.2.3各加热器进、出水参数计算 ............................................................................. 15

2.2.4高压加热器组抽汽系数计算 ............................................................................. 17

2.2.5低压加热器组抽汽系数计算 ............................................................................. 20

2.2.6 凝汽参数计算 .................................................................................................... 22

2.2.7汽轮机内功计算 ................................................................................................. 24

2.2.8汽轮机内效率、热经济指标、汽水流量计算.................................................. 26

第三章 全厂性热经济指标计算及校核 ...................................................................................... 29

3.1全厂性热经济指标计算 ................................................................................................. 29

3.2反平衡校核计算 ............................................................................................................. 31

第四章 全面性热力系统的拟定及其辅助设备 .......................................................................... 35

4.1热力系统 ......................................................................................................................... 35

4.2主蒸汽系统 ..................................................................................................................... 35

4.3再热蒸汽系统 ................................................................................................................. 37

4.4旁路系统 ......................................................................................................................... 38

4.5轴封系统 ......................................................................................................................... 40

4.6给水系统 ......................................................................................................................... 42

4.7加热器疏水系统 ............................................................................................................. 44

4.8锅炉排污利用系统 ......................................................................................................... 46

4.9辅助蒸汽系统 ................................................................................................................. 47

4.10回热系统 ....................................................................................................................... 50

4.11凝结水系统及其设备 ................................................................................................... 51

第五章 管道计算与选型 .............................................................................................................. 54

5.1管道计算所用相关资料 ................................................................................................. 54

5.1.1推荐流速资料 ..................................................................................................... 54

5.1.2 相关计算公式 .................................................................................................... 55

5.2 具体管道管径计算 ......................................................................................................... 55

5.2.1 主蒸汽相关管道 .................................................................................................. 55

5.2.2 高压加热器H1相关抽汽管道的计算 .............................................................. 56

5.2.3 高压加热器H2相关抽汽管道的计算 .............................................................. 56

5.2.4 高压加热器H3相关抽汽管道的计算 .............................................................. 57

5.2.5 通除氧器管道的计算 ........................................................................................ 57

5.2.6 低压加热器H5相关抽汽管道的计算 .............................................................. 58

5.2.7 低压加热器H6相关抽汽管道的计算 .............................................................. 58

5.2.8 低压加热器H7相关抽汽管道的计算 .............................................................. 58

5.2.9 低压加热器H8相关抽汽管道的计算 .............................................................. 59

5.3 管道的选型 .................................................................................................................. 59

5.3.1 主蒸汽相关管道选型 ........................................................................................ 59

5.3.2 高压加热器H1抽汽管道选型 .......................................................................... 61

5.3.3 高压加热器H2抽汽管道选型 .......................................................................... 62

5.3.4 高压加热器H3抽汽管道选型 .......................................................................... 62

5.3.5 通除氧器抽汽管道选型 .................................................................................... 63

5.3.6 低压加热器H5抽汽管道选型 .......................................................................... 64

5.3.7 低压加热器H6抽汽管道选型 .......................................................................... 64

5.3.8 低压加热器H7抽汽管路选型 .......................................................................... 65

5.3.9 低压加热器H8抽汽管路选型 .......................................................................... 66

参考文献 ........................................................................................................................................ 67

英文文献 ........................................................................................................................................ 69

中文翻译 ........................................................................................................................................ 78

致谢 ................................................................................................................................................ 83